關於 how to skim read ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

Why the COVID-19 vaccine will surely NOT be the Mark of the Beast

“He causes all, the small and the great, the rich and the poor, and the free and the slave, to be given marks on their right hands, or on their foreheads; and that no one would be able to buy or to sell, unless he has that mark, the name of the beast or the number of his name.” (Revelation‬ ‭13:16-17‬ ‭WEB‬‬)

Some people have been spreading rumors around that the COVID-19 vaccine being developed is going to be the mark of the beast, so I wanted to post this. The vaccine is not the mark.

The mark will only be introduced by the False Prophet of the Book of Revelation after the Rapture, during the Tribulation.
A recipient of the mark will be disqualified from salvation and will surely burn in the lake of fire for eternity.

How do I know for sure that a COVID-19 vaccine cannot be the mark of the beast? Simple. A vaccine cannot be administered through the forehead.

Besides, the passage about the mark of the beast specifies that it must be received on either the right hand or the forehead. So anything that allows you to accept it on the left hand is not the mark.

Why will some people receive the mark on their forehead? It could be that they are handicapped and don’t have a right hand. Not everyone has a right hand, but everyone who is alive has a forehead for sure!

It will do you well to read carefully and pay attention to individual words in the Scriptures. Every word is there for a reason—not just to fill up space or make it sound profound.
Sometimes the truth is so obvious but we miss it because we skim through too hastily.

That being said, I’m not endorsing any vaccine. I encourage you to study the ingredients of the vaccine when it’s out.

I read some articles online about how the various Ebola vaccines in the past was actually harmful to those who received it, causing severe damage to their health, even harming children.
The Ebola epidemic broke out in 2013. Only in late 2019 was an official FDA-approved Ebola vaccine completed and fully workable, while those in the past were ‘almost there but not quite’.
Imagine how dangerous it is to receive an imperfect vaccine!

Whatever it is, no vaccine can be the mark of the beast, simply because it can’t be administered through the forehead. Please use godly wisdom and discernment before allowing any substances into your body which is God’s temple.

If it is an optional vaccine, you can choose to receive it, but do it after prayerful consideration and not rashly out of fear!

Read more devotionals or sow a love gift here: http://Ko-fi.com/miltongohblog

[英文學習] 到底該如何閱讀英文？

Extensive, intensive, or narrow reading? What is skimming and scanning?

英語學習者經常被要求在課堂上以多種方式閱讀。有些學習者被要求開口朗誦，讀出每個單詞。有些學習者則默念於心以理解文本。但默讀時，學習者該略讀其要義還是掃讀關鍵細節？抑或專注於語言功能還是練習閱讀策略？

English learners are often asked to read in diverse ways in the classroom. Some are asked to read orally and sound out each word. Others are told to read silently for comprehension. However, when reading silently, should learners skim for essential meanings or scan for key details? Or should they focus on linguistic features and practice reading strategies?

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Oral Reading

在找到一種閱讀方法之前，讓我們來檢視一下不同的閱讀類型。朗誦需要老師或學生大聲地朗讀，並幫助學生掌握聲韻，幫助他們改進語調、腔調、重音與節奏。默讀則包含精讀、泛讀以及窄式閱讀。

Before we can address these questions and find a suitable reading approach, let’s examine what the different reading types are.

Oral reading involves the teacher or students reading aloud and helps students to develop prosody, improving their intonation, tone, stress, and rhythm. Silent reading consists of intensive, extensive, and narrow reading, amongst others.

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Intensive Reading

精讀需要學習者在特定的學習目標與任務中進行精細的閱讀。這通常是課堂上的要求，學生須專注在文法及標示語等細節。同時學生還須辨別關鍵詞彙，並在老師的指導下仔細且反覆地閱讀文本。其目的在於建立語言知識以及對字面意涵、言外之意與修辭關係的理解。閱讀材料通常是少於５００字的文本，因為較長的文本可能導致閱讀時難以關注到所有細節。

Intensive reading refers to reading in detail with specific learning aims and tasks. It is typically classroom-based, and students focus on features such as grammar and discourse markers. Students also identify key vocabulary, and text is read carefully and repeatedly with instructor input. The aim is to build language knowledge and understanding of literal meaning, implications, and rhetorical relationships. The materials used are usually shorter texts of 500 words or less at a time because it might be too difficult to focus on so many details with longer texts.

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Narrow Reading

窄式閱讀可被視為一種特殊的精讀，它是基於「可理解輸入」此一概念，意即學生閱讀略高於自身語言能力的材料。如此一來，在老師的協助下，學生得以輕鬆地專注於新的語言特徵。在練習窄式閱讀時，教師通常會找同一作者或同一主題的文章。因此，關鍵詞彙與文法結構會重複出現，學生便有更多機會在稍異的文本中看到這些特徵。這是一種非常成功的方法，因為它可以增進學生對文本的理解。

Narrow reading can be classified as a specific type of intensive reading. It is based on the concept of comprehensible input, in which students read materials slightly above their current linguistic abilities. In this way, students can easily focus on new language features with the aid of their teacher. When practicing narrow reading, teachers can find texts by the same author or the same topic. Thus, key vocabulary and grammatical structures repeat themselves, and students get many opportunities to see these features in slightly different contexts. It is a highly successful method because the comprehension of the text is enhanced due to learner familiarity with the author and subject matter.

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Extensive Reading, Scanning & Skimming

另一方面，泛讀需要學習者閱讀較長的文章，甚至閱讀整本小說以自娛並發展一般的閱讀技巧。泛讀經常是課外活動，因為老師可能會覺得這無法有效利用課堂時間，或者老師不希望課堂上太過安靜。

泛讀可能需要兩項技能：掃讀與略讀。我們可以掃讀關鍵細節或略讀要義。略讀與掃讀可使讀者大致掌握文本涵意。這並非意味著您在精讀時就不能略讀或掃讀，只是精讀通常專注在學習並理解語言特徵。當代的教育政策格外強調泛讀，因為我們期許學習者可以自主學習，並在課外進行閱讀。就其核心理念而言，泛讀鼓勵語言學習者讀其所愛！

On the other hand, extensive reading involves learners reading longer texts and even complete novels for enjoyment, and it aids learners in developing general reading skills. Extensive reading is usually done outside the classroom because teachers might feel it is not an effective use of class time, or are just uncomfortable with the extended silence.

Scanning and skimming are two skills commonly used in extensive reading. Readers can scan for key details or skim for essential meaning. Reading quickly with skimming and scanning can give readers a global or general understanding of the materials. This does not mean students cannot skim or scan when reading intensively, but typically, intensive reading focuses on learning and understanding linguistic features. Extensive reading is stressed in contemporary education policies, as learners are expected to be autonomous and read outside of class. At its core, extensive reading encourages language learners to read what they like!

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How should you read?

既然您已大致瞭解這幾種閱讀方式，您決定好要使用哪一種了嗎？答案是——您需要視情況而定！若您想進行泛讀，可閱讀更多有趣的新聞。若想精讀，您可以分析段落並與老師以及同學們回答問題。若想使用窄式閱讀，您可以找同一作者的同一主題文章，並專注在語言特徵。有些人甚至想以朗誦的方式來加強韻律或是重複閱讀來增加流暢度。

Now that you have a glimpse of different reading approaches, have you decided which you will use? The "answer" is that you need each for a different situation! You can practice extensive reading when reading for pleasure, or intensive reading when analyzing paragraphs with your teachers and peers. As for narrow reading, you can find articles by the same author on the same topic and focus on language features. Some might even want to practice oral reading to improve prosody or repeated reading to increase fluency.

訓練有素的老師可以傳授您各種不同的閱讀方法與策略，如此您便可自行練習。但即便您知道該怎麼做，您是否有足夠的決心與毅力？您該如何選擇閱讀材料並且積累閱讀策略呢？

A trained teacher can provide you with approaches and strategies for each situation so you can practice them on your own. However, even when you know how to read, do you have the determination and perseverance to read or do so much? How do you select the right materials, and how do you acquire reading strategies?

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Narrow Reading Course

如果您需要這些閱讀技巧與學習方法，也想練習窄式閱讀，那麼王梓沅老師的英文課程可以幫助到您。王梓沅老師將窄式閱讀拓展為窄式學習法，在不同的媒體上關注同一作者的同一主題資料。他的課程還使用「成長心態」與「恆毅力」學習法，傳授學習者如何開始並持之以恆，而後成為自己成功路上的最佳導師！

If you need these reading and learning strategies and want to practice narrow reading, Alexander Wang’s course is the one for you. Alex expands the narrow reading approach into narrow learning, focusing on effective language learning by using materials from the same author, the same theme, but different media. His class also guides students in developing a growth mindset with an emphasis on grit, teaching learners how they can start and sustain their learning.

The class aims to help learners become their own teachers on their English learning journey!

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Check out his class here:

限時折扣，最後倒數 >>> https://bit.ly/34DG64O

推薦該課程的所有收益將捐獻給慈善機構。在收到資金並完成捐贈後，我將會發表一個公告。

All proceeds from the referral of the class will be donated to charity. I will make an announcement when the funds are received and donated.

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References

Gardner, D. (2008). Vocabulary recycling in children's authentic reading materials: A corpus-based investigation of narrow reading. Reading in a Foreign Language, 20(1), 92-122.

Krashen, S. (2004). The case for narrow reading. Language Magazine 3(5):17-19.

MacLeod, M. (2013). Types of Reading. Retrieved April 14, 2020.

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【大願的世界】THE WORLD OF GREAT VOWS
(English writing below)

在一般人熟知的經典中，《地藏菩薩本願經》算是最容易讀得懂的佛經。

經文裡，釋迦牟尼佛開示了地藏王菩薩投生時的種種故事，及為何一世又一世地立下大願。通過一問一答的方式，我們認識了地獄的因果、懺悔罪業、救拔苦難中的眷屬、解脫六道的方法。佛陀也教了我們出入平安法、增強記憶法、求願法等等。

學佛那麼多年，這部經典我每一年讀都有更深的領悟。

一本佛經，如果你讀了之後，佛經還是佛經，你還是你，沒有進步，沒有改善，不是佛經沒有用，而是你根本沒有用心深入經藏，停留在表面上，眼睛滑過去而已。

可能還沒有意識到苦受的讀者，自然不能產生出離心，就會把佛經當故事書來讀，甚至讀到一半，就「退道心」，沒興趣了。

佛法的用意，在於修正我們的心。這本佛漫，畫得很精彩，可是如果你沈醉於五顏六色的漫畫裡，而錯過《地藏經》裡的真實義，那你真的是走寶了。

感謝參加我這次的贈書活動的讀者們。如果你在一個星期內（國外朋友需10個工作日）沒有收到郵包，那代表你報名時書已被請完。

這張照片拍得有點「辛苦」，因為佛漫拿在手中有6500多頁，約9公斤，老公拍照又慢。😄

本來名單中有些我本不想寄的人，因為有的向我請了7-8本佛書，從不說謝謝（當中還有其他問題），有的在利用佛法來滿足自己的虛榮心和名利心。不感恩的人，不會真心對他人好。利用佛法、利用他人慈悲的人，沒有悔改之心。

以我的性格，會覺得倒不如送給他人，給別人機會。但想到地藏王菩薩扛起佛陀附屬祂的大任，也能夠從容地做，就給多一次機會吧。

祝 開卷有益。

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Among the commonly known sutras, The Sutra of Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva's Fundamental Vows is considered one of the easiest to understand.

In the sutra, Shakyamuni Buddha expounded on the various stories of Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva when He was born in the human realm, and why He made the great aspiration lifetime after lifetime.

Through asking and answering, we learn from the sutra the causes and effects of being reborn in Hell, the methods of repentance, salvation of one's suffering kins and liberation from Six Realms. Lord Buddha also taught us the Dharma practices of Safe Travels, Memory Strengthening and Wish Fulfilling etc.

Having studied Buddhism for so many years, I have a deeper realisation every year I recite this sutra.

If after reading a sutra, the sutra remains the sutra, while you remains you, with no improvement or betterment, it's not because the sutra is useless. But because you have yet to put in your heart to delve deep into the sutra. You only read it at the surface and your eyes skim past it.

Perhaps the reader has yet to experience suffering and naturally is unable to develop renunciation, hence there is a tendency to read a sutra like a storybook, or even lose interest halfway.

The purpose of Dharma is to correct our minds. This Buddhist comic is brilliantly drawn, but if you indulge in the colourful pages and miss the authentic Dharma in the sutra, then you would have missed the boat of opportunities.

Thank you to the readers who took part in my book giving. If you do not receive the book within a week (10 working days for overseas recipients), that means the book had been fully given out at the time of your application.

Taking this photo was a little bit tough, because the comic books in hand totalled 6500 over pages, weighing about 9kg. Did not help that the husband was slow with the camera. 😄

In the list of sign-ups, there were names that I would not wish to send the book. There are people who never say a word of thank-you (and other issues), despite receiving 7-8 such Buddhist books from me. There are also people who are making use of Buddhism to fulfil their pursuits of vanity metrics, wealth and fame. An ungrateful person will never be sincere in treating other people well. The person who exploits the compassion of Buddhists has yet to feel remorse.

Given my character, I would think I might as well give the book to others, letting others have the affinity. But I remember how Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva took up the great responsibility Buddha bestowed upon Him, and did it so unhurriedly. So let's give one more chance.

Wishing you multitude of benefits upon opening this book.