【用藥知多D】藥物齊打交:葉酸 vs Methotrexate?
有時候,兩種藥可能會「打交」,總是難免會有一種「既生瑜,何生亮!(《三國演義.五十七回》)」的感慨。
不過凡事一體兩面,「打交」往往可能會「鷸蚌相爭,漁人得利」。
不用問,這個漁人當然是用藥者。
例如葉酸(Folic Acid)、Methotrexate(MTX)。
首先葉酸是其中一種維生素B,其中一項功能主要在讓細胞能夠如常進行細胞分裂。
至於Methotrexate則是一種抗代謝藥(Antimetabolite),主要在妨礙DNA的合成,一般主要影響一些細胞分裂速度較快的細胞,例如癌細胞、淋巴細胞(Lymphocytes)(T細胞(T-cells)、B細胞(B-cells))、表皮細胞(Epidermal Cells),適用於治療癌症、類風濕性關節炎(Rheumatoid Arthritis, RA)、銀屑病(Psoriasis)。
至於為什麼葉酸會跟Methotrexate「打交」呢?
哦,這是因為Methotrexate同時是一種葉酸拮抗劑(Folate Antagonist),主要透過抑制體內的二氫葉酸還原酶(Dihydrofolate Reductase, DHFR)將二氫葉酸(Dihydrofolate)轉化成為四氫葉酸(Tetrahydrofolate),便可能會妨礙葉酸在體內進行活化,從而可能會誘發葉酸缺乏症。
所以理論上,要是同時服用葉酸、Methotrexate,Methotrexate便可能會消耗體內的葉酸,誘發葉酸缺乏症,而葉酸卻可能會抗衡Methotrexate的藥效。
不過實際上,服用Methotrexate治療類風濕性關節炎、幼年型類風濕性關節炎(Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis)、銀屑病,同時服用葉酸不但未必會妨礙Methotrexate發揮藥效,反而可能會減少Methotrexate的副作用。[1][2][3][4]
其中葉酸可能有助預防Methotrexate所誘發的肝炎[5],因為肝炎往往足以逼使用藥者停藥,所以葉酸往往可能讓更多用藥者繼續服用Methotrexate治病。
所以要是用藥者正在服用Methotrexate,偶爾可能會跟葉酸同服,目的在減少Methotrexate的副作用。
(如欲了解更多用藥資訊,歡迎看看「小小藥罐子」網誌。)
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Reference:
1. Hunt PG, Rose CD, McIlvain-Simpson G, et al. The effects of daily intake of folic acid on the efficacy of methotrexate therapy in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. A controlled study. J Rheumatol. 1997;24:2230-2232.
2. Duhra P. Treatment of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with methotrexate therapy for psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1993;28:466-469.
3. Ortiz Z, Shea B, Suarez-Almazor ME, et al. The efficacy of folic acid and folinic acid in reducing methotrexate gastrointestinal toxicity in rheumatoid arthritis. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Rheumatol. 1998;25:36-43.
4. Hoekstra M, Van Ede AE, Haagsma CJ, et al. Factors associated with toxicity, final dose, and efficacy of methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003;62:423-426.
5. van Ede AE, Laan RF, Rood MJ, et al. Effect of folic or folinic acid supplementation on the toxicity and efficacy of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis: a forty-eight week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Arthritis Rheum. 2001;44:1515-1524.
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【食材百科】山草藥看似樹枝其實都是寶
⭐夏天濕度高易誘發風濕痛症
⭐宜配搭祛濕食材
#星期四食材
舒筋活絡山草藥
不少人都經歷過筋骨痠痛,例如肩頸不適,或者常用電腦工作而患上電腦肩,坐姿不好引致腰骨痛等,很多人都覺得是小問題不值得去看醫生,叫家人幫手按摩一下,或者貼張鎮痛貼就算。中醫理論認為「肝主筋、脾主肌肉、腎主骨」,筋骨痛症都與臟腑健康息息相關,平日適當調理肝脾腎,有助預防及紓緩這些慢性痛症。其實山草藥店或藥材舖收藏了不少舒筋活絡的「寶物」,看上去都是啡色一條條一塊塊的,例如牛大力、鬆筋藤、巴戟與伸筋草,它們都有強筋活絡的功效,不妨用來煲保健湯水調理身體。
牛大力 — 性平,有補虛潤肺、強筋活絡的功效,有助紓緩腰肌勞損、風濕性關節炎等症狀。
鬆筋藤 — 又名寛筋藤,性涼,有舒筋活絡、祛風止痛的作用,有助紓緩風濕痹痛、腰肌勞損、跌打損傷等症狀。
巴戟 — 性溫,有補腎陽、強筋骨、祛風濕的功效,有助紓緩肝腎不足的筋骨痿軟、腰膝疼痛等症狀。
伸筋草 — 性溫,有祛風散寒、除濕消腫、舒筋活血的作用,有助紓緩風寒濕痺引致的關節酸痛等症狀。
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Herbs to soothe joints and improve blood circulation
Many people have experienced different types of joint pain such as neck discomfort, mouse shoulder (shoulder pain caused by long hours of working in front of computer), and soreness around the waist area due to bad postures.
They seem to think these discomforts are minor problems. Instead of going to the doctor, they would ask their family members to massage their body or use pain relief patch.
According to the Chinese Medicine theories, the liver governs the joints, the spleen governs the muscles, and the kidneys govern the bones. Since musculoskeletal pain is closely related to the health of our internal organs, we must take good care of the liver, spleen, and kidneys to relieve the symptoms above.
We can actually find many ‘treasures’ that can soothe the joints and improve blood circulation in Chinese Medicine halls. They are generally brownish in color and come in bars or strips, for instance, millettia root (‘niu da li’), Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr (‘song jin teng’), Morinda root (‘ba ji’), and Herba Lycopodii (‘shen jin cao’). These medicinal herbs can strengthen the joints and promote blood circulation, so do consider using them to make soup.
Millettia root (‘niu da li’) — mild in nature; can nourish and moisten the lungs, strengthen the joints, promote blood circulation, and relieve muscle soreness and rheumatoid arthritis.
Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr (‘song jin teng’) — also known as ‘kuan jin teng’ in Mandarin, and it is cool in nature; can relieve joint pain, improve blood circulation, dispel wind from the body, and relieve rheumatic arthralgia, muscle soreness, bruises, and injuries.
Morinda root (‘ba ji’) — warm in nature; can nourish the yang in the kidneys, strengthen the joints and bones, dispel wind-dampness from the body, and relieve the pain on joints, bones, waist, and knees that are caused by the deficiencies in the kidney and liver.
Herba Lycopodii (‘shen jin cao’) — warm in nature; can dispel wind and cold, dispel dampness from the body, reduce edema, soothe the joints, promote blood circulation, and relieve joint pain that is caused by anemofrigid-damp arthralgia (‘feng han shi bi’)
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rheumatoid arthritis symptoms 在 CheckCheckCin Facebook 的精選貼文
【食材知識】細細粒的香料蘊藏不少養生功效
⭐黑白胡椒提味開胃暖身
⭐咖喱含多種香料也有驅寒作用
#星期四食材
五香粉有邊五香?
善用香料驅寒暖身
這陣子總是想吃羊腩煲和火鍋,但始終對著火爐進食容易上火,偶一為之就好了。那麼還有哪些食材有暖身功效?其實可能你廚房裡早就有了,就是各式辛香料,例如花椒、八角、丁香、桂皮及小茴香,它們都屬性溫熱,下廚時可以獨立使用,合起來其實就是五香粉,這種調味料用途廣泛,可以為食物增鮮去腥及調味,包糭子會用它來醃五花腩,炮製芋頭糕也會用到五香粉,今晚簡單煮一碟香煎五香粉雞翼,也有暖身作用呢。
花椒 — 性熱,有溫中散寒、解魚腥毒的功效,適合胃部及腹部冷痛、食慾不振、腸鳴便溏、風寒濕性關節炎、寒性痛經者食用。
八角 — 又名大茴香,性溫,具散寒溫陽、溫腎暖肝、理氣開胃功效,適合胃寒呃逆、腎虛腰痛者食用;惟注意陰虛火旺、糖尿病、目赤腫痛者不宜多吃。
小茴香 — 性溫,有理氣開胃、散寒止痛的作用,紓緩寒性腹痛、經寒痛經及嘔吐腹瀉等症狀。身體有偏熱症狀、陰虛火旺、濕熱體質人士不宜服用。
丁香 — 性溫,具有溫胃散寒,開胃進食,暖腎強腰作用。適合胃寒嘔吐、反胃呃逆、胃寒腹痛、腎陽不足、子宮虛冷陰痛者食用;惟注意胃熱嘔逆者、陰虛內熱及有偏熱症狀者如喉嚨痛、口瘡、暗瘡者勿吃。
桂皮 — 性熱,能暖脾胃、補元陽、除積冷、通脈止痛,適合怕冷、手腳發冷、胃寒、寒性月經不適等。注意身體有偏熱症狀如陰虛火旺、痔瘡、大便乾燥、孕婦不宜服用。
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What are the five spices in the five-spice powder?
Use spices to dispel cold and warm the body
We tend to crave for lamb stew and hotpot as they could warm our body, but the problem with these dishes is they can cause heat to accumulate in our body too. So what other ingredients can we consume to warm our body?
Walk around your kitchen, and you should be able to find these ingredients. That is right! We are talking about spices like pepper, star anise, clove, cinnamon and fennel.
Though these spices are collectively known as the five-spice powder, they can be used individually in cooking as well. Besides bringing out the natural flavor of ingredients and eliminating the fishy odor, they are also used to season pork belly in glutinous rice dumplings and taro cake.
Do consider keeping yourself warm by seasoning chicken wings with the five-spice powder and frying them for dinner tonight!
Sichuan pepper - hot in nature, can warm the body and dispel cold, and help get rid of the fishy odour. The ability to dispel cold and remove dampness from the body makes Sichuan pepper a good food choice for individuals who experience the feeling of pain and cold on the stomach and the abdomen, poor appetite, abdominal gurgling and loose stools, rheumatoid arthritis, and menstrual cramps caused by cold conditions.
Star anise- warm in nature, can dispel cold, warm the yang, kidneys and liver, regulate qi and stimulate appetite. It is suitable for those with cold stomach, hiccups, asthenic weak kidney and lower back pain. Those with yin deficiency, diabetes, eye redness and pain should not eat too much.
Fennel - warm in nature, can regulate qi and stomach, dispel cold to relieve pain. Relieves cold-related diarrhea, frequent menstrual pain and vomiting. Not suitable for those with heat-related symptoms, with yin deficiency and excessive internal heat, and those with damp heat body constitution.
Clove- warm in nature, can warm the stomach, dispel cold, stimulate appetite, warm the kidney, strengthen the lower back. It is suitable for those who suffer from vomiting due to cold stomach, nausea, hiccups, abdominal pain due to cold stomach, insufficient kidney yang qi, and asthenic cold uterus pain. Those with vomiting due to heat in stomach, yin deficiency, heat-related symptoms such as sore throat, canker sore, pimple should not consume.
Chinese cinnamon - hot in nature, can warm the spleen and stomach, replenish vital energy and yang, dispel cold. It is suitable for those who suffer from aversion to cold, cold limbs, cold stomach, cold type of menstrual discomfort. It is not suitable for those with heat-related symptoms such as yin deficiency, hemorrhoids, dry stools and for pregnant women.
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#男 #女 #我畏冷 #嘔吐 #腹瀉 #經期 #喉嚨痛 #口瘡 #暗瘡 #孕婦
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