【台灣能嚷著說不加入世界衛生組織嗎?】
這陣子,台灣的網路出現了一股不小的聲浪,尤其在所謂綠營同溫層中,許多人因為對世界衛生組織(WHO)的不滿,紛紛氣呼呼地說:台灣不要加入了!台灣應該聯合美國及其他友好的國家另起爐灶,別再管沒用的WHO。甚至,網路上有許多戲謔的迷音或嘲諷,將WHO說成CHO等等。
這是非常危險的舉動。
我不是說不能生氣或嘲諷WHO,情緒上不滿這個國際組織當然可以,包括我自己在內也是,但台灣沒有跟WHO堅壁清野的本錢。我們不滿的是WHO總幹事譚德賽以及助理總幹事Bruce Aylward等少數領導階層,但這個不滿情緒如果上升成台灣不要或不屑加入WHO,只會害到我們自己。
首先我們必須了解,WHO的本質。它是聯合國十五個專門機構(specialized agencies)之一,上有聯合國六大機構之一經社理事會(United Nations Economic and Social Council,ECOSOC)。如果我們因為不滿WHO,而鄙視這個國際組織背後的自由主義或社群主義運作邏輯,那其他國際組織呢?台灣也比照不加入嗎?
舉例而言,聯合國這十五個專門機構尚包括了國際民航組織(ICAO),ICAO與WHO是外交部近年來主攻強推爭取成為觀察員的國際組織。ICAO的現任秘書長柳芳是中國籍,對台灣的態度跟譚德賽相較之下一樣非常不友善。難道,我們也要說,台灣不屑加入ICAO,要與其他國家另起爐灶成立另一個「民主陣營的民航組織」嗎?
更別說,這十五個專門機構另外包含了國際貨幣基金、聯合國糧農組織、國際勞工組織、世界銀行、聯合國教科文組織、世界智財組織等,每一個都非常重要。每一個國際組織內部,都有非常複雜的國家利益交換及合作衝突,每個國家與中國的關係都不盡相同,各有各的國際政治脈絡。大刀一揮,說台灣是民主陣營模範生,吆喝大家站過來這邊另起爐灶,不要去對面中國那一邊,這不但有違務實原則,同時也極為不負責任,甚至可以說是反智(anti-intellectual)。
最好的例子是前陣子剛選完總幹事的世界智財組織(WIPO)。雖然最後的結果是美國強力運作讓新加坡智財局長鄧鴻森當選,但投票前最被看好的是中國籍的王彬穎,她自2009年擔任WIPO副總幹事迄今,在WIPO累積工作資歷近三十年,可以說是整個青春年華都奉獻給了WIPO,累積無數組織內外部人脈。不管我們再多討厭中共政權,中國政府的確花了相當大苦心「深耕」各個國際組織,並創造對中國有利的合縱連橫關係,這也是2019年中國籍屈冬玉擠下美國所支持的喬治亞籍候選人,而當選聯合國糧農組織(FAO)總幹事的原因之一。
再者,嚷著說台灣可以跟美國及其他民主國家另外成立一個國際組織,完全過度簡化甚至是錯誤認知美國與中國的複雜外交關係。美中之間長達兩年貿易戰因疫情緣故暫時得到喘息機會,但兩國之間同時還有南海議題、北韓議題、中東議題、西藏問題及新疆問題等,各個議題層層相扣且一個比一個複雜難解。就拿這陣子網民很愛的川普來說,同溫層只是看到了川普在記者會及推特上說是中國病毒,就高興地認為美國會站在台灣這一邊,這真是大錯特錯。美國歷任總統只尊奉美國利益至上,歐巴馬如此,川普更是,不會有意外,更不該有意外。
鄉民當然可以用鍵盤主持國際正義,但執政者及文官體系可不能隨之起舞。除非台灣外交部廢掉國際組織司,否則我們每一天都該用務實且負責任的態度來思考如何突破國際政治藩籬。
(本文刊在 2020.4.5 蘋論陣線,連結在留言處)
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Climate Change Emergency
每年我參加氣候會議時,只要時間可以,都會參加一場由各個宗教團體在氣候會議會場聯合在一起的祈福許願或遊行活動,不同宗教會用不同方式來祈禱,希望能影響更多人,雖然我不是天主教徒或是基督徒,但幾次的活動中,可以感受到不同宗教界的平和與憂心,都會透過各種方法來提醒世人。
一早收到世界基督教協會,看到這個 Climate Change Emergency 氣候變遷緊急的宣言,Emergency 在我們風險管理中很重要,也有應急管理 Emergency Management ,不只是救護車上的 Emergency 而已,我們真的要非常體認重視這問題了。
幾年前我曾訪問過吳偉立神父,大家可以從 Podcast 聽這段聲音
https://open.spotify.com/show/1ryyVpjRt6faqRT1YfsWif…
彭啟明
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Statement on the Climate Change Emergency
25 November 2019
World Council of Churches
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
Bossey, Switzerland
20-26 November 2019
Doc. No. 04.3 rev
Statement on the Climate Change Emergency
But the earth will be desolate because of its inhabitants, for the fruit of their doings.
Micah 7:13
Recent extreme weather events of increasing strength and frequency around the world together with further studies conducted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have jolted many into belated recognition that the climate crisis is not a distant prospect, but is upon us today.
From Hurricane Maria, Tropical Cyclone Idai, Hurricane Dorian and Typhoon Hagibis which caused loss of lives and left widespread devastation in Puerto Rico, in Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Malawi, in the Bahamas and in Japan respectively, to ongoing bushfires in Australia and California, to unprecedented flooding in Bangladesh and in Venice, and to the very recent landslide following exceptionally heavy rains in Kenya, the impacts on our communities - especially the poorest and most vulnerable among us – and on the bountiful Creation that God has entrusted to human beings as stewards – are now all too tragically real.
The latest IPCC special reports on climate change, land, oceans and cryosphere confirm that climate change has become a top driver of hunger all over the world, and project rising sea levels of up to 1 metre by 2100 due to melting glaciers, water scarcity affecting nearly 2 billion people and more intense sea-level events such as storms and flooding, if warming is not kept at the safer limit of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.
Moreover, exceptionally destructive fires and the encroachment of industrial agriculture and mining, have greatly increased concern about runaway deforestation in the largest remaining rainforest ecosystems – the earth’s lungs, the home and heritage of many Indigenous Peoples, and a critical resource in confronting the threat of climate change. Especially in the Amazon, in the Congo Basin, and in West Papua and elsewhere in Indonesia, this resource is, often deliberately, being squandered at a perilous rate.
Children, young people and ordinary citizens have made public demonstration of their outrage at the lack of any adequate response by governments to the gravity of this global crisis, and against the backsliding by some governments. Children have been obliged to mobilize and to raise their voices to demand what adults have failed or refused to deliver – fundamental changes to our economic and social systems in order to preserve God’s Creation and their future.
Indeed, a recent research report shows that governments are currently projected to produce 120% more fossil fuels by 2030 than can be burned if the world is to limit warming to an increase of 1.5°C
In particular, the United States’ formal notification of its intention to withdraw from the Paris Agreement – despite the increasingly disastrous impact of extreme weather events in the US itself – seriously undermines the best hope the international community had secured for a multilateral global response to the climate crisis. This is an abject failure and abdication of global leadership, at precisely the historical moment when such leadership is most needed. It will embolden other backsliding states. It impoverishes and imperils all of us.
The protests against widening inequality in Chile, triggering the move of the 25th Conference of Parties (COP 25) of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) from Santiago to Madrid, underscore the importance of holding together the goals of sustainability and equity, and ensuring that the costs of transitioning to a carbon neutral economy are not borne by those who already have few resources. In other words, there can be no real transition without socio-economic justice.
The time for debate and disputation of established scientific facts is long over. The time for action is swiftly passing. We will all be held to account for our inaction and our disastrous stewardship of this precious and unique planet. The climate emergency is the result of our ecological sins. It is time for metanoia for all. We must now search our hearts and our most fundamental faith principles for a new ecological transformation, and for divine guidance for our next steps to build resilience in the face of this unprecedented millennial challenge.
The executive committee of the World Council of Churches, meeting in Bossey, Switzerland, on 20-26 November 2019, therefore:
Joins other faith leaders, communities and civil society organizations in declaring a climate emergency, which demands an urgent and unprecedented response by everyone everywhere – locally, nationally and internationally.
Expresses its bitter disappointment at the inadequate and even regressive actions by governments that should be leaders in the response to this emergency, especially inaction to stop fires and deforestation, the destruction of Indigenous Peoples’ ancestral lands and livelihoods, and attacks on ecological defenders; the weak commitments made under the Paris Agreement; and measures that place additional financial burdens on poor communities.
Calls on COP 25, taking place in Madrid on 2 to 13 December 2019, to:
- set the groundwork for committing to more ambitious cuts in greenhouse gas emissions as part of Nationally Determined Contributions with a view to attaining carbon neutrality by 2050 and limiting warming to not more than 1.5°C;
- ramp up commitments by wealthy nations to provide sufficient, predictable and transparent climate finance to low-income nations for adaptation and resilience-building;
- strengthen the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage to include finance to support people and communities affected by the impacts of the climate emergency; and
- promote actions to engage and learn from Indigenous Peoples in and beyond the UNFCCC process, protect biodiversity, combat deforestation, encourage agro-ecology and construct circular and redistributive economies.
Invites UN system partners, consistent with the critical research and policy advice emanating from UN sources, to examine and divest from fossil fuel investments in their own banking systems and pension funds.
Calls on member churches, ecumenical partners, other faith communities and all people of good will and moral conscience to find the means whereby we can make a meaningful contribution in our own contexts to averting the most catastrophic consequences of further inaction and negative actions by governments – and may join in confronting this global crisis through concerted advocacy for climate change mitigation and adaptation, zero fossil fuel use and a “just transition”, as well as through local action, everywhere – in our fellowship, our churches, our communities, our families, and as individuals.
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好👍🏼活動介紹!
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【國際青年文化高峰會 COoL Conference】
COoL為AIESEC(國際經濟商管學生會)臺大分會所舉辦的活動。四天三夜的營隊當中,以 #全英文 與 #外國隊輔 和臺灣隊輔對世界議題進行深入對話,並得到啟發(Be inspired)。
透過參與交流(Get involved),認識和了解自己國家以及其他國家的情況,並和身邊的夥伴們一起發想行動方案改善現況(Take action)。
我們相信,哪怕只是一小小的改變,每一個青少年也可以用自己的方式帶來影響力!
報名時間:4/24-6/10
營隊時間:7/4-7/7
營隊地點:臺灣大學
FB搜尋「國際青年文化高峰會 COoL Conference」
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👨🏻💻 俐媽英文教室:國際青年文化高峰會
🌍 solution-oriented (adj.) 解決問題導向的
🌍 debatable (adj.) 有爭議的、可辯論的
—> debate (n.)(v.) 辯論
🌍 influential (adj.) 有影響力的
🌍 diversified (adj.) 多元化的
—> diversity (n.) 多元化
🌍 extracurricular (adj.) 課外的
—> curriculum (n.) 課程表
🌍 leadership (n.) 領導力
🌍 self-exploration (n.) 自我探索
🌍 international outlook (n.) 國際觀
🌍 comfort zone (n.) 舒適圈
🌍 core value (n.) 核心價值
🌍 vision (n.) 視野、遠見
🌍 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (n.)永續發展目標
🌍 Model United Nations (MUN)(n.)模擬聯合國
🌍 United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC ) (n.)聯合國經濟及社會理事會
🌍 Department of Public Information (DPI) (n.) 聯合國新聞部
🌍 head quarter (n.) 總部
🌍 surpass (v.) 勝過(sur-: over)
🌍 in search of excellence 精益求精
🌍 broaden one's horizons 增廣見聞
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俐媽很多很棒的學生都有參與過這個活動,大家趕快參加!
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