關於 associated with用法 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

給小高一的暑期課複習(第三&第四堂)
第三堂：請用英文解釋下列單字
1. slam (cf.) slum
2. eternal (寫情書超好用的喔！)
3. escape
4. curse
5. superstition
6. wander (還記得補充的相關單字嗎？)
7. offer
8. request (還有其他補充用法，去看看筆記吧！)
9. associate (ph.) be associated with
10. 分詞片語 (這個真的爆炸重要，大考必考！)

第四堂：
1. distance (在課堂上演的很賣力，還讓你們上來實驗，別忘囉！)
2. amazing
3. say grace
4. radiant (附註：形容尹俐請用fabulous)
5. disclose
6. accept (請複習相關字喔！)
7. threaten
8. bully
9. punish
10. 假設語氣 (請多練習題目！)

一晃眼暑假只剩一個月多一點，How time flies!
把握時間，去做你想要做的事情，複習這暑假辛苦學到的知識！加油！

<英文寫作必用！「說明、闡述」與「反對」動詞組(附英英解釋及同義字)>
喬今天要分享的是跟英文作文非常相關的動詞字組，「說明」與「反對」動詞組合在英文寫作時表達一個人的意見是必要的。所以喬今天除了分享之外也把所有英英解釋及其相關同義字都打成電子檔筆記，希望對各位同學有幫助。

1. 說明
闡明 elucidate ; illuminate
詳細地說明 elaborate ; expound

* elucidate (V.)
to make (something) clear; explain
同義字- illuminate, clarify, unravel, interpret, explicate, gloss

* illuminate (V.)
to help to clarify or explain (a subject or matter)
同義字- clarify, elucidate, reveal, demystify, exemplify, illustrate

* elaborate (V.)
to develop or present (a theory, policy, or system) in detail
同義字- embellish, embroider, amplify

* expound (V.)
to explain the meaning of
同義字- interpret, explicate, elucidate

2. 反對
反對 object ; oppose
反駁 argue against ; counter/ contradict
駁斥 refute ; repudiate
否決 deny ; veto
質疑 question ; cast doubt on
抨擊 bombard ; vigorously/ vehemently attack
藐視 belittle ; scorn ; defy

*object (V.)
to say something to express one’s disapproval of or disagreement with something
同義字- oppose, condemn

*oppose (V.)
to actively resist or refuse to comply with (a person or a system)
同義字- resist, challenge, dispute, [FORMAL正式用法] gainsay

*refute (v.)
to deny or contradict (a statement or accusation)
同義字- disprove, debunk, discredit, invalidate, confute

*repudiate (V.)
[1] to refuse to accept or be associated with
同義字- renounce, abandon, disown, [FORMAL正式用法] forswear, abjure, [Literary文學用法] forsake

[2] to deny the truth or validity of
同義字- deny, contradict, controvert, rebut, dispute, dismiss, [FORMAL 正式用法] gainsay

[3] (法律) to refuse to fulfill or discharge (an agreement, obligation, or debt)
同義字- revoke, rescind, reverse, overrule, overturn, invalidate, nullify, disregard, flout, disaffirm, [FORMAL正式用法] abrogate

*deny (V.)
[1] to state that one refused to admit the truth or existence of
同義字- contradict, controvert, repudiate, challenge, counter, contest, oppose, rebut, [FORMAL正式用法] gainsay

[2] to refuse to give or grant (something requested or desired) to (someone)
同義字- rebuff, repulse, decline, veto, dismiss

*veto (V.)
to exercise a veto against (a decision or proposal made by a law-making body)
同義字- dismiss, prohibit, forbid, interdict, proscribe, disallow, embargo, ban

*question (V.)
to feel or express doubt about; raise objections to
同義字- query, challenge, dispute, doubt

*bombard (V.)
to assail (someone) persistently, as with questions, criticisms, or information
同義字- inundate, swamp, flood, deluge, besiege, overwhelm

*belittle (V.)
to make (someone or something) seem unimportant
同義字- disparage, denigrate, deprecate, depreciate, downgrade, trivialize, minimize, pooh-pooh

*scorn (V.)
to feel or express contempt(鄙視) or derision for
同義字- deride, disdain, mock, disparage, slight, dismiss

*defy (V.)
to openly resist to refuse to obey
同義字- disobey, flout, disregard, ignore, break, violate, contravene, breach, infringe

[文法與詞彙Q&A] although, but, yet, even though, though, whereas, despite, in spite of 的區別

A. 表示「雖然、儘管、但是」
1. although, but, yet

-In theory it seems like a good idea, but I don’t think it’ll work in practice.

-In theory it seems like a good idea, although I don’t think it’ll work in practice.
-Although it seems like a good idea, I don’t think it will work in practice.

※注意：although, but 兩者只能取其一，不能同時並用

Although it seems like a good idea, but I don’t think it will work in practice. (X)

※ 亦可用 still、anyway (依然、還是) 來加強but, although的語氣
I wasn’t feeling very well, but I still went to work.
I wasn’t feeling very well, but I went to work anyway.
I still went to work, although I wasn’t feeling very well.
Although I wasn’t feeling very well, I went to work anyway.

※亦可用yet來替代 but
It’s a simple yet very effective system.
In theory it seems like a good idea, (and) yet I don’t think it’ll work in practice.

Used as a conjunction, "yet" is similar in meaning to "but," but it has a stronger effect on the reader or listener. There is perhaps more of a surprise associated with the former statement. Note that you can put "and" in front of "yet" when it comes at the beginning of a clause, but of course this is not possible with "but," so you can write the following sentence:

"The cyclists were tired and hungry, all but exhausted, (and) yet they refused to give up in their attempt to finish the race."

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv21.shtml

--------------------------------------------------

2. though, even though
though 比較口語，意思與although同，但though 可以放在句尾(當副詞用)

-Though he has lived for years in London, he writes in French. (雖然)—連接詞

-He has lived for years in London. He writes in French, though. (不過、但是)--副詞

even though (即便、儘管)用法與although 同, 語氣更強烈
-Even though I wasn’t feeling very well, I still went to work.

=========================

B. 表示「而、卻、反之」(對照比較之用)
-Indonesia has a lot of natural resources, whereas Singapore has none.

-Whereas Indonesia has a lot of natural resources, Singapore has none.

※ although 與 whereas 的比較

although 含有驚訝的意味 (通常是第二個子句所透漏的訊息令人意外) We had a reasonable year in Asia, although sales fell a little in Japan.

Although sales fell a little in Japan, we had a reasonable year in the rest of Asia.

Whereas 則強調對照，驚訝意味並不濃
We had a reasonable year in Asia, whereas sales in Europe were quite disappointing.

※ while 的用法
Inflation rose by 3% last year, while house prices went up 6%. (=whereas)
While there are still some issues to resolve, I think we should go ahead. (=although)

=========================

C. despite/in spite of 的用法
despite 與 in spite of 意思同 although，但是用法不同；although 是連接詞，後面可接子句，despite/in spite of 為介係詞，後面必須接名詞或動名詞

Although sales increased, profits fell.
Despite the increase in sales, profits fell.

Although I was ill, I went to work.
In spite of my illness, I went to work.
Despite my illness, I went to work.
In spite of feeling ill, I went to work.
Despite feeling ill, I went to work.

Despite I felt ill, I went to work. (X)

=========================

Sources:
elc.it.lhu.edu.tw/LHUIT/LHUITCourse/IT21030/.../連接用語(一).doc
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/grammar-reference/spite-despite-although
http://www.oneworldofenglish.com/english_grammar_reference/although_even_though_despite_in_spite_of.htm
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nX8N9RiGCZg
http://www.wretch.cc/blog/e1c3396/11909723