柏樺敘事詩歌的多重敘事元 ◎王治澤
摘要
柏樺是第三代詩人的代表,盡致的平凡抒情使他獨具個人風格特色。在敘事詩歌上,不乏抒情作為連結,但其敘事特色依然顯而可見。其關於記憶、歷史以及現實的模擬,使得他的敘事詩歌呈現多重敘事的維度。本文將從這三部分,分別處理柏樺敘事詩歌「記憶素」\「從史素」\「模擬素」之敘事元敘事素,論證其敘事詩歌的多重建構與意義。
關鍵詞:敘事元敘事素、第三代詩人、平凡抒情
壹、前言
《夏天還很遠:柏樺抒情詩集1981—2019》收錄了第三代詩人的傑出代表,柏樺創作的抒情詩歌200餘首,時間從1981年至2019年,跨度四十年,分彆為 《夏天還很遠》\《麥子:紀念海子》\《禮物》\《生活,真好》\《年少是一種幸運》\《祖國或前世今生》\《江南來信》\《今夕是何夕》等八輯,是詩人編訂得最全面最滿意的一本抒情詩集。
柏樺寫於1981年的成名作〈表達〉,從出道便以抒情著稱。前行研究者們多著重於柏樺詩歌的抒情主題與身體美學的研究頗多,其期刊研究論文兩百餘篇,多有創見之研究者,不外乎黃粱、李商雨、李慶華等人。他們對柏樺詩歌語言、風格、意象多做闡釋與解析。就「抒情」而言,黃粱對其象徵個體化抒情特性,情境空間特徵與漢詩風格,論證了柏樺早期詩歌的特色與關懷。後者承續如是李慶華,在原先抒情層面,更深入論其柏樺詩歌終而的抒情歸宿。就「語言」而言,李商雨從柏樺對其詩歌的現代性審美切入,提出柏樺詩歌的元語言,更加確立柏樺詩歌的藝術自主性,以及柏樺對美孜孜不倦的追求。李商雨也對柏樺詩歌的身體性,立基於尼采的身體哲學和透視主義,論述其中呈現的快感、頹廢、逸樂的風格特色。
柏樺敘事詩歌比重雖不高且少,單就敘事詩歌的前行研究更是鮮見。其一方面重在敘事詩歌的作品並不多;二方面,大部分詩歌作品融於抒情中敘事,使得敘事效益來得沒抒情高。如果就《夏天還很遠》這本精選集,放諸在其四十年的時間跨度中,能見其殊異的多重性。柏樺在這類重在敘事的詩歌,對其處理方式,有著一定的敘事本根。美國敘事學家傑拉德·普林斯提出的元敘事(metanarrative)概念。其元敘事有其敘事信號,即之於從柏樺敘事詩歌文本中清釐出其背後一如語境或意識等之敘事本根主題。
普林斯提出的元敘事有兩層可能性的界定。一層是「當一個話語的主題是敘事,我們就可以說該話語是元敘事。」這層是相對語言表面或話語表面的一種界定。另一層是相對嚴謹並且更意義的界定,因為它是複合式的,接近傅柯所言之「話語」(discourse)。把話語當成一個事件(event)而不僅是傳訊的媒介,同時更要認清意義符號在話語中的主宰地位。因而在面對柏樺敘事詩歌時,其相關的「語境」或「意識」得以含括進來,其敘事意義也得以延展。
筆者將瑞士語言學家斐迪南·德·索緒爾(Ferdinand de Saussure)相關於構成語言的另一個主要單位:詞素(morpheme),借用過來形成論文的結構進行論述與辨證,柏樺敘事詩歌的多重敘事元。
貳、敘事三重要素
如果說閱讀顯然依賴於被閱讀的文本,那麼同樣顯而易見的是,它也依賴於閱讀該文本的閱讀者。「素」是構成語言與詞彙的最小單位,而其敘事元雖不是最小單位,但確是其鞏固敘事的元素(或作中心),這些幾重元素構築成柏樺敘事詩歌的特色。故而,柏樺敘事詩歌中的敘事元筆者將其大致歸結為三類:記憶素、從史素與模擬素。「三素」構築了柏樺敘事詩歌的面貌,而其三素的含括指涉意涵則顧名思義。
一、記憶素
〈唯有舊日子帶給我們幸福〉\〈高山與流水〉\〈風在說〉即為敘事元記憶素。這類記憶素相關記憶。
〈唯有舊日子帶給我們幸福〉(1984)帶出記憶等於幸福的意味,詩中的受話人「我們」,其人應是友人。
1983年,西南農業大學任教前夕與張棗在四川外語學院見面半小時。讀到張棗的幾首詩,但不肯相信竟然有一個人與我寫的一樣好。匆匆離去,知道半年後,我在寂寞中試探著把他作為一個對話者向他發出了召喚。
這時的柏樺雖才不到三十歲,但足見他對過往的懷念與感慨時間的流逝,這無疑是為何柏樺詩歌重於抒情的原因之一吧。
〈高山與流水〉(2010)柏樺1975年作為知青下鄉到巴縣白市驛區龍鳳公社(現龍鳳鄉)公正大隊(現村)務農。這段知青歲月是他最快樂的時光,令他縈繞又難忘,真是美呀!「唯一的欠缺就是日出而作後的寂寞」(每日晚間知青點組織政治學習),從此對這類學習感到恐懼,神經也極度脆弱。他說交談需要天賦,他也的確有這樣一個不畏風雨地與他往來50公里奔波的好友張棗,他們寫詩、談詩、改詩。「現在他已到退休的年齡了(還剩最後一週)」\「而我終於抵達!我終於走過了人生多少艱難……」作者所帶出的感慨一如題記:「昔年種柳,依依漢南;今看搖落,悽愴江潭;樹猶如此,人何以堪!」過去的光陰單剩下回過頭「昏昏燈火話平生」,供人留念。
〈風在說〉(2011)講了三個故事:老師的死、父親的死、友人之死。全詩分成三部分,分別代表了「青(少)年\中(青)年\老年」,以各種味道構建記憶的階梯,「你越逼近死亡,越愛聞香」\「臘豬頭在灶膛已煨了一晝夜」\「他獨有的尿味、皮膚味、香水味」。一切都像風一樣從青(少)年時代,穿行到中(青)年時代,再穿行到老年時代,柏樺敘事的多愁善感盡致體現。
敘事元的記憶素敘事詩歌除了明顯的取用記憶外,其「外在物件」作織網構結形成他的記憶素的敘事風格。〈唯有舊日子帶給我們幸福〉「掛鐘\椅子\信封\書籍\日曆\樹幹」;〈高山與流水〉「斯巴達克斯\電影台詞\炊煙」;〈風在說〉「學校\剪刀\臘豬頭\睡衣\醫院」等的外在物件,帶給閱讀者極強的畫面感,而於柏樺這些物件就像鉤子串聯勾勒出帶著溫度的記憶圖騰。
二、從史素
〈路易十六之死〉\〈查理一世之死〉\〈嘉靖皇帝的的一生〉這類即為從史素,相關著冰冷的歷史。
〈路易十六之死〉(2011.9.19)一個尋找與自己命運相同的人,無非就是英國的查理一世。根據史實「我從來沒有起過與人民為敵的念頭」登上斷頭台時「滔滔說道:我是無罪的而死的,我寬恕我的仇人;你們,不幸的百姓們……」然後「十點十分,他三十九歲的生命結束了」「一個最善良又最軟弱的國王,經過了十六年半一心謀求幸福的統治之後,被他的祖國斬首」。
而於〈查理一世之死〉(2011.9.20)一個從容上斷頭台的國王。「我的頭髮礙事嗎?」「劊子手鞠躬道:請陛下把頭髮塞在小帽裡。」「無論陛下幾時給我信號,隨陛下尊意,我願意等著。」「不到一分鐘,國王伸出兩手,劊子手一斧下去就將國王的頭砍掉。」注意尾端創作日期,可以發現,寫了〈路易十六之死〉隔天才寫了〈查理一世之死〉,要尋找命運相同的人的路易十六微妙地,與查理一世聯繫在一起。而查理一世又是歐洲第一個被送上斷頭台的國王。柏樺透過國王與侍衛或劊子手的來往對話,伸延了敘事素的空間。
兩國王之間,存在的同質點在於,一方面歸咎於女人,即他們的妻子。路易十六偏愛他的妻子成了法國國王中的一個另類,不耽於美色,唯一沒有情婦的國王。也不喜歡治理國政,愛好鑽研機械原理。當時路易十六夾在強勢的貴族勢力和洶湧的人民勢力當中,加上在國內幾乎沒有什麼建樹和能力。在政治立場方面,他或許是同情平民境遇的。原因在於路易十六想通過削弱貴族,來加強皇權,所以他更有可能跟平民聯合,而不是跟貴族狼狽為奸。法國著名的歷史學家弗朗索瓦-奧古斯特-瑪麗·米涅(François Auguste Marie Mignet)說,如果路易十六當時堅決抵制改革,當一個暴君的話,他起碼能保住皇位,至少不會被送上斷頭台。
相比於英國的查理一世,自從十六世紀的宗教改革後,英國成為了一個信奉新教的國家。可是查理一世卻娶了個信奉天主教的王后——亨利埃塔·瑪麗亞(法國國王路易十三的妹妹)。後來在王后的影響下,查理一世逐漸變得開始偏向於天主教,這就讓信奉新教的英國人感到非常惱火,畢竟新教才是英國的國教,查理一世還是其最高領導者。後來他長達十一年的暴政,在經過多年激烈角逐後,最終國會派打敗了保皇派,查理一世也因此成了階下囚。
二方面,兩位國王的歷史風評好壞不一,但大部分仍歸結於好的方面。就其柏樺的處理:一個是為國而死的善良又最軟弱的路易十六;一個是原有結實身軀,長命希望的查理一世。這兩位也許有著必死的必然性,直到生命最後一刻也沒有落下作為國王的尊嚴。若說是為他們翻案,難免落入偏執的窠臼,倒是他們的生命,都為各自的國家開啟了新的篇章。
〈嘉靖皇帝的一生〉(2012)如同前兩位國王處理死亡。從一開始的不死藥到各種追求永生的學問,最後卻略帶追悔莫及地發出「我想回去、去、回去!回到我的出生地。」他感到恐懼,這恐懼是十七歲時就已釀造好的。
柏樺取用真實歷史的線性發展年表作各種敘事填補,讓兩位在現今只活在冰冷歷史長河裡的國王,經過對話或設計,兩位國王猶如活生生地展現在閱讀者眼前,在他們生命的最後,也留下了為人的那種溫度。而對於嘉靖皇帝似有似無地彌補了他十七歲的缺憾,即使「人們看到我哭了又笑了,人們也注定看到我的死」也罷。
三、模擬素
〈七天日記〉\〈臨行前的一生〉\〈五十年後〉為第三類敘事素:模擬素。「模擬」具有「模」與「擬」,是一個相互對立的對象。「擬」是對「模」進行仿擬刻畫,再生出模的「擬像」,故而存有虛實辯證的意味。
不同於前兩者敘事素,模擬素筆者認為更接近於小說敘事情境,雖然前兩者也都能如此,但不同之處也許就偏重取向而言,一個記憶、一個從史。模擬素更像是兩者的結合體,形成多元且龐雜的敘事素,並帶有一種超現實的敘事,這也是我為何將其定義為模擬素的因由。
〈七天日記〉(2014)以七件小事「那退了休的男教授忙兩件事」\「女人並非只為自己哭泣」\「體會了五十歲的反烏托邦」\「一個男人要是沒有肚子,那就是殘廢」\「照片上的你並非現實中的你」\「那年輕的岳父走路像少女」\「那裡浸信會的人層出不窮」透過對現實或現象仿擬出其「模」物,來對其現實或現象作出他的看法。
〈五十年後〉(2016)在按語上,就提示了「不是此地,不是此時:他們殺的是時間,一個未來的窮苦貧民。」而為何要殺時間?
一天,五十年後的一個晚間
在本市一家小超市收銀台邊,
你發現一個紅臉白鬍子矮男人
你一下町住了他,看了很久……
在回家的路上,你哭出聲來:
「中學時他身上有股橙子味。」
主角仿佛穿越到了五十年後的世界,從「紅臉白鬍子矮男人」嗅到了「他身上有股橙子味」。從十五歲畢業分手時,到五十年後的晚間,這中間只是一線之隔,哭聲飽滿了期間的無盡意味。
〈臨行前的一生〉(2016)「那對母女臨行前兩個半小時還在吵架……」柏樺道出「三千年後,你們乃屬於同一考古層。」這樣的不爭事實。「老年人談論死亡不是恐懼而是迷信。」柏樺對現實拋以冷絕的眼光或視角呼籲現世,就像別以為「屁股是充滿拯救的彌賽亞」似地。
柏樺的敘事詩歌,立基於其上三個敘事素:記憶素\從史素\模擬素。各有其獨立的指意系統,即敘事學所談的「敘事要點」(the point of narrative)。此三種敘事素因其敘事要點也帶來了不同的敘事效益。敘事元記憶素,柏樺身體性的自主是很強烈的,畢竟攸關他的經驗,多在處理箇中情感,偏於抒情。敘事元從史素,重描歷史先人,將其活化賦予溫度,彌補缺憾,有著一定的歷史意義。敘事元模擬素:則映照世事現實更深,就像我前面談及的,前兩者的結合形構了第三者的存在,對現實與現象的仿擬,訴諸柏樺的價值關懷取向。
叁、結語
如是柏樺這一批五〇年代出生的詩人,他們歷經文革與商品化的過渡,而毛時代氛圍是他們共同的經驗。朦朧詩派的出現應了文革(1966-1976)後,政治道德秩序、價值觀念混亂且頹荒情緒漫瀰時候,但那個時代卻養育了柏樺,柏樺後來也才深切感受到「什麼叫一個時代,有一個時代的文學?」。
柏樺被劃分在第三代詩人群,也就是朦朧詩之後的先鋒派,單從柏樺敘事詩歌的文字與辭藻,多少見得漸沒有毛時當下那種含蓄的象徵主義主義特徵。他的成名作〈表達〉還是看得到一些影子,如含蓄的意象。承如李商雨言:「柏樺對象徵主義的偏離更體現在他對詩歌中書寫平凡的看中。平凡是他對詩歌最重要和最具標示性的特徵之一」。確實,無論是抒情詩歌還是敘事詩歌,柏樺更趨向表達他對現實予以的真實的訴諸,從以上的論述例子可而得之。因此對於柏樺敘事詩歌的多重敘事元研究,得以建構出他的敘事詩歌架構與取向,即三種敘事素取向。
肆、主要參考資料
一、柏樺著作
柏樺,《夏天還很遠:柏樺抒情詩集1981—2019》,太原:北嶽文藝出版社,2020。
二、近人論著
(一)專書及專書論文
【美】查爾斯·E·布萊斯勒(Charles E.Bressler)著,《文學批評理論與實踐(第五版)》(Literary Criticism: An Introduction to Theory and Practice 5th Edition),趙勇、李莎、常培傑等譯,北京:中國人民出版社,2014。
【美】傑拉德·普林斯著,(Gerald Prince)《敘事學:敘事的形式與功能》(Narratology: The Form and Functioning of Narrative),徐強譯,北京:中國人民出版社,2013。
羅振亞,《朦朧詩後先鋒詩歌研究》,北京:中國社會科學出版社,2005。
(二)期刊論文
李慶華,〈回憶、意象與抒情的三重變奏——柏樺詩歌個人化寫作初探〉,《區域文化與文學研究集刊》,2012年00期。頁209。
李商雨,〈精緻的詩、「輕」之美與審美現代性的追求——柏樺詩歌的詩學、社會學討論〉,《現代中國文化與文學》,2019年01期。頁205。
李商雨,〈快感·頹廢·逸樂——柏樺詩歌的身體美學初探〉,《安慶師範學院學學報》(社會科學版),2016年2月第35卷第1期。頁61。
柏樺〈柏樺自選文學年譜〉,現代中國文化與文學,2005年第1期。頁229-233。
黃粱,〈大塊抒情,坦蕩吟詩——漫步在柏樺詩歌的溫潤境界裡〉,《青年作家》2007年02期。頁309-315。
(二)網路資料
智慧士官,〈法國歷史唯一被處死的國王路易十六,究竟是一個什麼樣的人?〉(2018.4.3)《每日頭條》,https://kknews.cc/zh-tw/history/pnn5m5e.html。2020年12月20日點閱。
夜讀史書,〈查理一世為什麼被送上斷頭台?選錯另一半導致的悲劇〉(2019.12.5)《每日頭條》,https://kknews.cc/zh-tw/history/rnkzj2n.html。2020年12月20日點閱。
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美術設計:游佳真
圖片來源:游佳真
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https://cendalirit.blogspot.com/2021/02/20210212.html
#每天為你讀一首詩 #柏樺 #敘事詩 #敘事元 #第三代詩人 #平凡抒情
同時也有2部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過71萬的網紅風傳媒 The Storm Media,也在其Youtube影片中提到,當前中國的最大文化悲哀是:能夠平視世界的中國人,只佔中國人口的 1%,其他的 99%中國人,不是在仰視世界,就是在俯視世界。 對他人的仰視或俯視,其實是奴性的一體兩面。別人強時,自己是奴,就仰視他;自己強時,別人是奴,就俯視他。在這種文化傳統下,人權和民主是無法生根的。 中國究竟算不算崛起,看得...
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【我和師父的對話:談談新加坡】
CONVERSATIONS ABOUT SINGAPORE (English writing below)
「新加坡的國運,會越來越多問題。」
大約三年多前,師父跟我說了這句話,也正是李光耀先生過世了之後。
我問師父爲何如此說。
師父答:「從玄學的角度來說,一個國家能夠興旺,必定是因爲領導人或某個很重要人物的八字與這國家的八字匹配,互補彼此的運。有時候,也是因為有某個重要人物,他的存在能夠鎮住這個國家,讓一切不好的事情不會發生,一些想欺負新加坡的人會知難而退。
所以新加坡這個彈丸之地,什麼都沒有,才能做得起來,還做得比鄰國還出色。而當這人物不在了,又沒有另一個旗鼓相當的人取代,那邪氣就能入侵,這個國家便開始走歹運。」
「其二,我們新加坡為了繁榮,到處都在挖洞,嚴重影響了地氣,龍氣受傷了,而且屋子越建越差。妳跟我去看風水的公寓,它們的風水還比政府組屋的更糟糕。
現代人追求表面的美,在自己的家裡東敲西打,破壞了整個格局,所以妳自己從妳的客人那裡也知道,很多新加坡人外表很風光,在臉書上總是說去哪裡吃,哪裡玩,今天買了什麼,和家人一起做什麼。我告訴妳,很多是騙人的,沒有錢的,根本談不上home sweet home。
很多家庭欠債的,要離婚的,孩子不聽話不會讀書,父母得看小孩的臉色做人,家庭吵架、婚外情,家人重病、心理病的、精神病的、小孩子憂鬱症的,脾氣不好、生意失敗的,事業不振, 很多問題, 就是因為家裡外在內在的風水都不好。」
「第三,我們新加坡不應該有賭場的。這是造了很大的業,會毀了很多人和家庭。妳看,有一個女的打給我,以前是做警察的,結果一直去賭場,被警隊開除了。有賭的地方,就有鬼,必有邪氣。沾到這個邪氣的人,思維就會被這些鬼眾操控,他要你去賭場,你就會一直去,明明知道不好,不可以,卻還是去。這是為什麼滨海湾金沙開幕後,妳問我要不要去那裡用餐看看,我跟妳說那不是修行人去的地方。妳也不要去。」
我趕緊搖搖頭,擺擺手。
「沒有沒有,師父,我沒有要去。我曾經為了買一件衣服,去過一次,都沒進到賭場,我就跟騰慶說,我以後不要再去了。那裡的氣真的很不好,我一踏進去,頭就暈了,那外表很氣派,但裡頭就是很陰的感覺,祇是普通人看不出而已。」
「可是,師父,您曾經說過,我們新加坡的風水也主,暗地裡撈偏門幹犯法的勾當的其實很多,不輸給馬國。那有沒有賭場,為什麼會影響那麽大?」
「所以我說妳沒有把我教妳的東西好好學。撈偏門,畢竟是暗的,是偷偷摸摸進行的,是不見得光的。可是你把它合法化,白熱化了,這些邪氣的破壞力量就會壯大了。我們人,不能為了繁榮,要賺更多的錢,就不顧道德,這是會短率而失敗的。」
記得,大約五六年前,我先生載著師父經過福康寧。師父看著窗外的工地,好奇的問:「他們在挖什麼?」
「師父,政府要建地鐵,所以在挖地道。」
當時,師父嘆息:「挖太深了。這條龍這樣挖下去,我們新加坡會種族失和,國人反政府,國運衰落等等的問題。」
後來得知福康寧地鐵站因高難度的隧道挖掘,而得到年度國際隧道工程奖。可見,裡頭挖的多複雜,那受傷的龍氣,是否有高人指點去補全呢?要不然,依然是得不償失的。
那天走過盛港醫院,想到過去一年進出不同的醫院探病,心中有些許唏噓。
醫院越多,代表我們國人的病業越重。根本上師,聖尊蓮生活佛,曾講過醫院就是人間的地獄:
「在醫院裡,醫生開你的腦,挖你的眼,開腦、挖眼、開心,心、肝、脾、肺、腎,統統都要開刀。其實醫院就是地獄道。你說生病的人,哪一個不苦?生病的人都是在受苦,這些苦,雖然差地獄很遠,但是離地獄也不近。生病是很痛苦的,當你生病的時候,躺在醫院任人宰割。其實多開一家醫院,就像多開一個地獄。像開刀的醫生,手上拿著刀的,都是地獄裡面的獄卒。真的!醫院裡面就像地獄一樣,甚麼都可以動,像是將你的腳鋸掉,將你的手鋸掉,將你的眼睛挖出來的,將你的腦打開的,將你的腸子整個拖出來的,剪掉腸子的,甚至將你的胃割掉,我們稱這些為「邊地」,屬於不是正式的地獄,是邊上的地獄。
所以不要講沒有報應。人生病,因為業障重,所以進到醫院任人宰割,像呼吸困難,醫生就將你氣切,就是將你的喉嚨打開,接一個管子,吃東西就從管子進去,呼吸也用管子,全身都是插管,那都是屬於地獄道。」
(20141130聖尊蓮生活佛盧勝彥於甘露精舍瑜伽焰口法會後開示)
大醫院是大地獄,小醫院是小地獄。去過醫院的都知道,那裡沒什麼好磁場可言。我看很多新的醫院,裡面的風水也一樣讓人頭痛。因此無論是醫生醫錯人,醫死人,護士疏忽,沒有及時照顧病人,藥房開錯藥等等,這些問題都只會層出不窮。家裡有病人住院的朋友們,請打起十二分精神,要明白醫生開的藥方,要了解護士在做什麼。
環境風水不好,人的心會不正,運也會不順,身體和心靈健康的問題也會越來越多。
無奈有些國人受西方文化的薰陶久了,就盲目的覺得學華文不重要,也「順便」覺得風水是迷信。問他們研究了什麼,他們又咦咦啊啊的答不出。不要那麽急促,不要迷著不信。很多東西要深入研究,你就會明白,風水是比科學還科學,根本就不是迷信。
2019己亥年,對新加坡而言,是個很多內外衝突的一年,新加坡的國運會生病。
有的人會選擇把所有責任推給政府去擔當。我固然明白一切有其因,就必有其果。但國家有難,匹夫有責。
政府做不做得到也好,我們身為這國家的孩子,都應該去互相幫忙。批評,如果不能有實在的結果出來改善問題,那這種批評也不祇過是宣洩自心的不平不滿。大家都想多賺些錢,所以別忘了這句話「和氣生財」。
報答國恩,會有種恩德,能夠讓我們的纏身靈離開,可以化災化難。而引導自己的孩子報國恩,
有妥當的起因,就不會有悲哀的後果,而是有喜慶的結局。
因此大家都要製造良因,自然就會有良果。切勿造五惡:殺生、偷盜、犯淫、妄語、飲酒吸毒。你正當的行為,是有能力帶動你身邊的人,也當然能改善自己的家運。累積功德,就是為了需要時,能夠用這「儲備金」過關斬將。
今年拜太歲時,請為新加坡也點盞光明燈。祈禱時,也請為新加坡祈福,等等。
玳瑚師父 Master Dai Hu 正月初八晚上,會舉辦一年一度的拜天公活動。他過去兩年都帶領著一些國人一起為自己的家庭和國家祈福。屆時,如果您有心想學習,請關注師父的臉書專頁。
在竹腳婦幼醫院時,聽到有位三十來歲的婦女說,她是來動手術,拿掉子宮的。我的心裡,頓時為她難過。
願大家都能有好德行、好風水、好運氣。
希望進醫院的人,都能夠平平安安的出院。
也希望去受軍訓的兒子們,都能平平安安回家。南無阿彌陀佛。
.......................
"There will be more and more problems, in Singapore's fortune outlook."
About three years ago, Shifu told me this. It was not long after Mr Lee Kuan Yew's death.
I asked Shifu why he said so.
Shifu replied, "From a Chinese Metaphysics point of view, when a country is prosperous, it is linked to the Bazi compatibility of the leader, and/or other important people. The Bazi can complement the Bazi of the country. Sometimes, because there is this important figure, whose presence can hold a country together and subjugate disasters from happening and people who wish to bully Singapore will back off."
"So it was possible for Singapore, such a small country of no natural resources, to build something up, and outperform its neighbouring countries. And when this person is no longer around, with no suitable replacement, then vile forces will pervade and the country will start to enter a cycle of poor luck."
"Secondly, in the name of more prosperity, Singapore is digging holes everywhere. This will severely damage the vitality force in the land, injuring the dragon qi. Moreover, the housing nowadays are poorly built, from a Feng Shui viewpoint. When you followed me on my Feng Shui audits at condos, you saw that their internal Feng Shui were even worse than HDB."
"People nowadays are only going for beauty. So they do not think twice when they hack the walls in their homes, destroying the whole structure. You see it in your clients too. Many Singaporeans only look good on the outside, posting about where they dine, where they go to have fun, what they bought, what they did with their families. Let me tell you this, many are lying. Many are having money problems. There is no home sweet home to speak of."
"Many families are in debt, facing divorce, have children who are disobedient and unwilling to study. Parents have to behave accordingly to the moods of their children. There are domestic quarrels and extramarital affairs. There are family members who are gravely ill, have psychological problems, mental issues and even kids have depression. Tempers are short, businesses do not perform well, careers are stagnant and many other problems, are caused by the poor external and internal Feng Shui."
"Thirdly, Singapore should not have casinos. This planted a seed of grave karma and will destroy many people and families. You see, there was a lady who called me. She used to work in the police, but she ended up visiting the casino too often and was fired by the police force. When there is gambling, there will be ghosts around, and vile energies will definitely be present. Anyone who gets stained by these energies will be mentally controlled by the ghosts. When the ghost wants you to visit the casino, you will surely go, despite knowing that it is not a good thing to do, nor is it advisable. This is why when you asked if I wished to dine at Marina Bay Sands during its opening, I told you that wasn't a place for spiritual cultivators to go. You shouldn't go."
I hastily shook my head and waved my hands.
"No, never, Shifu, I've no intention of going. I once went there to buy a piece of clothing. I didn't even stepped into the casino and I told Teng Qing, I wouldn't want to go there again. The energies there aren't great. My head spun as I stepped into the building. It looked impressive on the outside, but inside, the energies are very yin. Just that ordinary people aren't able to tell."
"But Shifu, you once said, the Feng Shui of Singapore also indicates that there are many illegal doings and businesses going on, comparable to that of Malaysia. So whether there are casinos or not, why will there be such an impact?"
"That's why I say, you never learnt properly what I taught you. Illegal activities are done secretly, in the dark and it can't be seen. But once you legalised it, as it surfaces to the top, the devastating effects of the vile energies will be even stronger. We humans cannot sacrifice morals for the sake of more prosperity and money. This will lead to failure due to shortsightedness."
I recalled, 5 to 6 years ago, the husband was ferrying Shifu in his car and drove past Fort Canning Hill. Shifu looked outside the window and curiously asked, "What are they digging?"
The husband replied, "Shifu, the government is building a MRT station, so they are digging the tunnel."
At that time, Shifu sighed, "They are digging too deep. When they keep digging into this dragon, we Singapore are going to have racial disharmony, anti-government problems and decline in the country's fortunes and many other problems."
Later on, I learnt that Fort Canning MRT Station won the Top Tunnelling Project of the Year at an international ceremony, because of the high difficulty level in the tunnelling feat. The excavation and tunnelling must be really deep and complicated. I wonder if there is any master that gave them pointers to repair the damaged dragon qi? Otherwise, the loss will outweigh the gain.
That day, when I walked past Sengkang General Hospital, I was reminded of my various hospital trips to visit family and friends, and couldn't helped but sighed.
The more hospitals there are, it means the sickness karma of our countrymen are getting more serious. My Root Guru, His Holiness Living Buddha Lian Sheng, once expounded that hospitals are hell in this mortal world:
"In hospitals, the doctors will open up your brain and dig your eyes. They open up your heart, liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys. All these parts need to be operated. Actually, the hospital is the realm of Hell. Look at the people who are ill, who isn't suffering? A sick person is suffering. These sufferings, while very far away from that in the Hell, but aren't that far either. It is painful to be sick. When you are sick, you lie in the hospital and are at the whim of the doctor to be operated on. Actually when a hospital opens, it is like opening another Hell. The surgeon who holds the surgery knife in his hand is like the hell guard. Really!
The inside of the hospital is just like Hell. Everything can be operated on, like amputating your leg, amputate your hand, digging out your eyes, opening up your brain, dragging out the whole of your intestines, cutting away your intestines, and even cutting away your stomach. We called this borderland. Not the real Hell, but the borderland of Hell.
So don't say there isn't retribution. A person falls sick, because his karmic obstacles are severe. So he gets hospitalised and is up to the doctor to slaughter. For example, for breathing difficulties, the doctor will perform tracheotomy. He open up your throat and connect a tube. You will consume your food through the tube and also breathe through it. Your whole body is connected with tubes. That is the realm of Hell."
(20141130 His Holiness Living Buddha Lian Sheng Sheng-yen Lu Dharma discourse after Preta-dana at 甘露精舍)
A big hospital is a big Hell. A small hospital is a small Hell. Anyone who has been to hospitals knows that there isn't any great energies to speak about. I have visited several new hospitals and the Feng Shui inside is a headache. Hence cases of doctor misdiagnosis, mistreatment that cause death, negligence by nurses, lack of timely patient care, wrong medicine prescribed by pharmacies etc, will only continue to happen and at an increasing rate. So to friends who have hospitalised family, please be conscious and ask the right questions. Understand what the doctor prescribed and what the nurses are doing.
When the environmental Feng Shui is bad, man's heart will also go wayward and his luck will roll downhill. Problems in the physical body and heart will get more and more fanciful.
Unfortunately, some of us are over-influenced by the Western culture. They think that learning Chinese isn't important and conveniently dismissed Feng Shui as superstition. When I asked what research they had done to come to this conclusion, they usually stammer and can't answer me logically.
My advice: don't be impatient. Don't be eager to disbelieve. When your thinking is not supported by genuine in-depth research, you are superstitious. Many things in life are worth studying. When you learn this in-depth, you will realise that Feng Shui is more scientific than science, far away from what you think old wives' tale are made up of.
2019 the year of the Earth Pig is not a good year for Singapore. There will be many internal and external conflicts. Our country will fall sick, with its luck declining.
Some people chose to point their fingers at the government. I understand for every cause, there will be an effect. However, the rise and fall of our nation concerns all of us.
Whether the government does a good job or not, as the children of our country, we should all lend a helping hand to fellow countrymen. If criticism does not lead to a viable result to improve the problem, then it is just an expression of the displeasure inside the person.
To repay the debt of gratitude to our country generates merits for ourselves. These merits can drive away our karmic creditors and resolve the disasters and obstacles we face. We are also leading by example to our children what it means to repay the debt of gratitude to our country.
When the seed of causation is proper, there will be no fruits of sorrow, but instead, fruits of joy and celebrations.
So all of us should strive to create positive seeds of causation, and that will naturally reap us positive fruits. Don't commit the five evils of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying and consumption of intoxicants like alcohol and drugs. Your proper conduct has the ability to help the people around you and of course, improve your family fortunes. Accumulating merits is critical, as these reserves will always come in handy to help us during our emergency times.
When you pray to the Tai Sui this year, please light a Lamp of Illumination for Singapore too. When you pray, please also pray for the good fortune of Singapore etc.
Every year on the night of the 8th day of the 1st Lunar Month, 玳瑚師父 Master Dai Hu will conduct a prayer ceremony to pay homage to the Supreme Jade Emperor. In the past two years, he had led other like-minded participants to pray for blessings for themselves and our nation. If you are keen to learn, do follow Shifu's FB page for notifications.
When I was at the KK hospital, I overheard a lady, probably in her 30s, that she was here for an operation to remove her entire womb. Momentarily, I felt sad for her.
I hope for everyone to have good moral conduct, great Feng Shui and good fortune.
May everyone who is hospitalised get to go home safely and healthily.
May all the sons of Singapore who go for army training, also return home safely and in one piece. Namo Amitabha.
discourse字根 在 玳瑚師父 Master Dai Hu Facebook 的最讚貼文
《互相尊重的認知》
Understanding Mutual Respect (English version below)
吾有兩位女學生,犯了佛教的「不飲酒」戒。
一位30歲左右的,說是公司聚會,上司一直叫她喝,不好拒絕。吾弟子問她,明明是白領佳人,難不成還得兼職「陪酒小姐」?
這位學生,也因爲飲酒,而多次欺騙老公與公婆,說是在公司加班。
另一位學生是位中年婦女。她受老闆之託,旅行回國時幫老闆買酒。她也說,不懂得如何拒絕老闆。
這位中年婦女與吾皈依同一位根本上師,當代法王蓮生活佛,卻藐視根本上師的教義,忤逆吾的教誨。她從不好好閱讀根本上師的文集與開示,一直祇求吾以風水八字來解決她家人的問題,治標不治本。
因此,她忽略了師佛近期的開示:「拿酒給人喝,犯了不飲酒戒,五百世沒有手。」
(如蚯蚓等動物。)
這兩位學生,同樣的都沒告訴老闆她們的戒律。
妳自己都不尊敬妳的信仰,不會有人尊重妳的信仰。
如果妳不開妳的金口,介紹妳信仰的戒律給他人,他人又怎麼知道妳有這條戒律呢?
如果說出來了,他自然不會叫妳買酒或帶妳去喝酒。
自己要先有守戒的精神。如果妳沒有,妳一定也是爲了不好意思或怕炒魷魚,就這樣犯戒。
這個世界上不是只有一份工作可以做。
如果妳明知故犯,折了這個福,妳認為妳未來還會有好的發展嗎?
我們所要的一切都是建立在德。
天,因爲有德,所以常覆,地有德,所以常載,日月星有德,所以常照。
人要有德,才能夠常順、常旺、常樂。
妳不能說妳怕拒絕,以免什麼會發生在妳身上。東家不打打西家,人要有志氣,要有守戒的精神,才會得善神的擁護。
妳自己都不尊重妳的信仰,試問人家怎麼會尊重妳的信仰呢?他看妳也不過是那種人,可能暗地裡還瞧不起妳,覺得妳外表說妳已皈依,原來妳根本沒有皈依,還是犯戒。
千萬不要這樣做。
做爲一個老闆,一個上司,必須要以德服人。下屬因爲是你的員工,她當然不敢得罪你,冒犯你,因爲她需要這個薪水來養家或過活。就算她爲了順從你,而犯戒,你在她心中的形象一定大打折扣。如果有一天,她有了另外一份工作邀約,她一定不考慮就走,因爲她覺得你是一個敗德的上司,不值得她忠心。
如果她留下來,那必定只有一個原因,因爲她也敗德。敗德的上司 + 敗德的下屬,能做出什麼好成績來?
學佛人,得懂得匡正自己,也匡正別人,所以必須得解釋給妳老闆,或任何不明白的人,妳你爲何會拒絕他做某樣事情,尤其是買賣酒、買賣煙、買賣色情刊物等等。
大家要明白什麼叫戒律,戒律不是有宗教信仰的人,才要守的律法。戒律是一個正人君子的準則,是止惡揚善的基礎,根本沒有分誰應該守。
只要是人,都必須守。走在正道上,沒有過失下,才不會損失我們的福德。
那位中年婦女的老闆,「勸」吾的學生不必執著戒律,佛陀不是說斷執著嗎?
沒有皈依學佛的,千萬不要不懂裝懂,以免斷人慧命,造了殺生業。
佛陀涅槃時,阿難問佛:「佛在世時,我們以佛為師,佛滅度後大眾以何為師呢?」
佛言:「以戒為師。」
喝酒,會亂人本性,生出無量的過失,如酒後駕駛、醉酒打人、儀態盡失、胡言亂語、淫慾熾盛、惡人相近等等。
一位老客人,七旬老翁,生性節儉。一家大小雖是佛教徒,老翁卻酗酒成性。長子乃吾弟子,之前爲了迎合父親要求,常買酒「供養」他。
後來,媳婦(也是吾弟子也)顧及老翁的健康和戒律,阻止先生助紂為虐,也勸其家婆、小姑和弟弟不要買酒,卻惹來老翁辱罵長子:「沒有用!」
事隔數年,老翁喝壞了身體,今年年中入院開刀。吾於心不忍,以玄學來幫助這位老客人能早日康復。
喝酒的人愚癡,送酒的人愚孝。
吾,玳瑚師父,滴酒不沾,任何有酒精的食物,吾也不食。不飲酒者,有何果報?
意念清明,智慧超群,不會精神分裂、不會神智恍惚、不會胡思亂想,更不會被迷惑。
⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯
2 of my female students flouted the Buddhism precept of abstinence from alcohol.
One of them, in her early 30s, told me that it was a company gathering, and her supervisor egged her to drink. She could not refuse. My disciple asked her, isn't it absurd that as a white-collared employee, she has to "part-time" as a drinking hostess?
This student of mine also lied to her husband and parents-in-laws numerous times, that she was working overtime when, in fact, she was out drinking.
Another student of mine is a middle-aged lady, who was requested by her superior to buy duty-free alcohol on her return from travelling. She also told me that she did not know how to say no to her boss.
This lady, like me, took refuge under the same Root Guru, Living Buddha Lian Sheng. However, she blantantly ignored His Teachings and my reminders. She did not diligently read the Dharma books and discourses from our Root Guru Master, yet always sought my help in Feng Shui and Bazi to solve her family woes. This is not solving the root causes at all.
Hence, she missed out on a recent Dharma discourse by our Root Guru: If you give alcohol to others, you are breaking the precept of abstinence from alcohol, and the consequence is 500 rebirths without limbs.
(Eg. like a millipede)
These 2 students did not tell their superiors of their precepts.
If you do not respect your own faith, nobody will give your faith the due respect too.
If you don't break your silence and let others know about the precepts in your religion, how would others know about your precept on abstinence from alcohol?
If you voice it out, naturally your superior will not ask you to buy alcohol nor bring you along for drinking sessions.
You must first have the spirit to uphold the precepts, lacking which you will be easily swayed by situations such as embarrassment or fear of losing your job, and eventually flouting the precepts.
There is more than one job for you in this world.
If you flout the precepts intentionally, and lose your merits, what good future do you think is left for you?
Our merit and virtues are the source of all that we desire.
The Heavens and Earth have virtues , therefore can encompass all. The Sun, moon and the stars have virtues, hence their never ending radiance.
Man must have virtues, in order to enjoy peace, prosperity and bliss.
You cannot give the excuse that you fear the consequence of saying no. There is always another job out there. A person must have higher aspirations, and the willpower to observe the precepts in order to be blessed by the virtuous gods.
If you do not respect your own faith, how would another person respect it? He will not be impressed, and may even secretly despise you for being a hypocrite in taking refuge, as you are not steadfast in upholding your precepts.
Do not ever do this.
As a boss, as a superior, you must command the respect of your subordinates with your merits and virtues. It is natural that your subordinate will not dare to offend you because she needs the job and salary to make a living or feed their families.
Even if she follow your instructions, at the expense of flouting her precepts, deep in her heart, she will think lesser of you. If one day she receives another job offer, she will not hesitate to leave you because she feel that you are lacking in virtues and unworthy of her loyalty.
If she stays on, then it must be for the reason that she too is lacking in virtues. A non-virtuous superior + a non-virtuous employee, what good result can they produce?
A practicing Buddhist must learn to correct oneself, and others. Therefore, you need to explain to you boss, or any other people who do not understand your rationale, why you refuse to help him/her in certain things such as buying alcohol, cigarettes, R-rated publications, etc.
Everyone must understand what exactly precepts are. It is not applicable solely to people with a religious faith. Precepts are the cornerstone of a upright and righteous human being. They are the foundation of spreading goodness and curbing the non-virtuous in us, and applicable to every one of us
As long as you are human, you should observe the precepts. Walking on the right path, and not committing any sin, will ensure that our merits are not taken away.
The boss of my middle-aged student "advised" her not to be too attached to the precepts. Didn't Buddha proclaim non-attachment? So said the boss.
If one has not taken refuge and properly learn the Dharma, please do not behave like a know-it-all and dish out irresponsible "advice" to others. This grave act of recklessness may destroy the life of wisdom in the listener, akin to the act of killing.
When Lord Buddha was about to enter Nirvana, his disciple, Ananda, asked, "When the Buddha is in this world, He is revered as our Teacher. But when the Buddha enters Nirvana, who should we follow as our Teacher?"
Buddha expounded: "I have already given you the precepts. The precepts are your teacher".
Drinking alcohol will create chaos to the human nature, and countless sins arise, such as drunk driving, drunk fighting, loss of etiquette, blabbering of nonsense, sexual indecency, attracting bad company, etc.
An old client of mine, in his 70s, lives frugally. Together with his wife and children, they are Buddhists. However, the elderly man is an alcoholic.
His eldest son is my disciple. Previously, to make his father happy, he would buy him liquor and beer whenever the elderly man asks for it.
Subsequently, his wife (also my disciple) prevented him from buying alcohol, out of consideration for the elderly man's health and their precepts. They also told the mother and younger siblings to refrain from buying.
However, all the eldest son got was a bellow of "Useless son!" from the elderly man.
A few years later, alcoholism took a toil on the old man and he was warded for an operation in the middle of this year.
I pitied him and helped him towards a smoother recovery with my Metaphysics abilities.
Deluded is the man who drinks.
Ignorant is the filial piety of the children who feed his alcoholism.
I have abstained from intoxicants for over a decade, and neither do I consume food with alcohol in it.
What are the merits from such abstinence?
Beside mental clarity and supreme wisdom, one will not be stricken with schizophrenia, mental disarray, mental disturbance and fall prey to temptations.
discourse字根 在 風傳媒 The Storm Media Youtube 的最佳解答
當前中國的最大文化悲哀是:能夠平視世界的中國人,只佔中國人口的 1%,其他的 99%中國人,不是在仰視世界,就是在俯視世界。
對他人的仰視或俯視,其實是奴性的一體兩面。別人強時,自己是奴,就仰視他;自己強時,別人是奴,就俯視他。在這種文化傳統下,人權和民主是無法生根的。
中國究竟算不算崛起,看得不是GDP、不是軍事力量,而是中國人是否擺脫了自己內心深處的自我奴性形象。
這一集,談的是這個問題!
【腦力犯中】系列,每週三在風傳媒播出,帶你認識卸妝後的真實中國。
更多「范局」影音,請看https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCS2X...
范疇 Kenneth C. Fan
跨界思考者。終身創業者。小政府信奉者。平民精神推行者。「無印良國」倡議者。
1. 中國崛起的致命傷:次等文明的自我形象. Sep 2018
1. The fatal wound of China's rise: Self-image of inferior Civilization. Discourse by
Kenneth Fan. Powered by Joey Kuo 2018 @ Sum-Coo.com
腦力犯中精彩回顧:
史上最大倫理實驗場?拿破崙+義和團=中共現況?|腦力犯中#10
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pHoA7yK9nIc
演化台灣?家族分贓?習近平的中國法西斯之路不遠矣!?|腦力犯中#9
https://youtu.be/UWrfwkbguzM?list=PLK...
毛澤東轉世vs.遲到的老蔣!習近平的未來選擇竟是?|腦力犯中#8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9HL0...
✓ 點我加入《風傳媒》Line 好友(ID:@dyp8323m) http://bit.ly/2hETgWE
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【Facebook粉絲團】
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discourse字根 在 風傳媒 The Storm Media Youtube 的最佳貼文
兩年之內,中國每七個人,就有兩台監視錄像頭伺候,若扣掉嬰兒和老人,每五人就有兩台。你知道嗎?
2017年,中國已經成功完成人類頭部移植,將A的人頭移植到B的身體上,你知道嗎?
人類倫理,正受到科技的根本挑戰,而中國已經成為地球上最大的倫理試驗場,請看本集。
世界已經意識到,「中共模式」若不制止,將威脅到地球。那麼,什麼是「中共模式」?本集提供一個不同的視角:中共模式就是「上面一群拿破崙,下面一群義和團」。請看分析。
【腦力犯中】系列,每週三在風傳媒播出,帶你認識卸妝後的真實中國。
更多「范局」影音,請看https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCS2X...
范疇 Kenneth C. Fan
跨界思考者。終身創業者。小政府信奉者。平民精神推行者。「無印良國」倡議者。
1. 中國領導 換頭?史上最 實驗場. Sep 2018
2. 拿破 已經死 ,但中國不知道. Sep 2018
1. Chinese leaders change their heads? The largest ethical experimental field in history. Discourse by Kenneth Fan. Powered by Joey Kuo 2018 @ Sum-Coo.com
2. Napoleon is dead, but China doesn't know. Discourse by Kenneth Fan. Powered by Joey Kuo 2018 @ Sum-Coo.com
腦力犯中精彩回顧:
演化台灣?家族分贓?習近平的中國法西斯之路不遠矣!?|腦力犯中#9
https://youtu.be/UWrfwkbguzM?list=PLKFtWHNRC24S8oQCUER3uLJIKCzGFQ3vn
毛澤東轉世vs.遲到的老蔣!習近平的未來選擇竟是?|腦力犯中#8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9HL0...
從鄧小平貪婪到習近平偽善..剖析強國矛盾上的腐敗對決!|腦力犯中#7
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fn9y7...
✓ 點我加入《風傳媒》Line 好友(ID:@dyp8323m) http://bit.ly/2hETgWE
✓ 點我訂閱《風傳媒》YouTube 頻道 http://bit.ly/2grkAJ6
【Facebook粉絲團】
風傳媒►► https://www.facebook.com/stormmedia
風生活►► https://www.facebook.com/SMediaLife
【Facebook粉絲團】
風傳媒►► https://www.facebook.com/stormmedia
風生活►► https://www.facebook.com/SMediaLife
【Facebook粉絲團】
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風生活►► https://www.facebook.com/SMediaLife
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discourse字根 在 referendum字根2023-在Facebook/IG/Youtube上的焦點新聞和 ... 的推薦與評價
I. Vocabulary and Phrases. Questions 1-10: Choose the BEST answer to complete each sentence. 1. The most commonly ____ and explicit definition of discourse ... ... <看更多>
discourse字根 在 單元46:【跑】-cur- (下集) | 用字根輕鬆背英文單字 - YouTube 的推薦與評價
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今天要來延續上一集講跑的 字根 -cur-,同樣含有許多重要的多益單字和搭配用法和片語,經過Ruby有邏輯的解釋、搭配生動活潑的影片,幫助同學瞬間理解並 ... ... <看更多>
discourse字根 在 referendum字根2023-在Facebook/IG/Youtube上的焦點新聞和 ... 的推薦與評價
I. Vocabulary and Phrases. Questions 1-10: Choose the BEST answer to complete each sentence. 1. The most commonly ____ and explicit definition of discourse ... ... <看更多>